The Impact of Strategic Alignment on IT Projects Essay

The Impact of Strategic Alignment on IT Projects - Essay Example Administering data innovation is one of the most basic issues confronting governments today. Henderson and Venkatraman [2] contends that Information Technology (IT) can convey no an incentive without cautiously intending to custom essay writing accomplish the capability of IT execution with business objectives. Such concern is a focal point of numerous business officials today [3, 4]. The idea of the Strategic Alignment points of view is utilized as a precise estimation instrument to more readily accomplish the common linkage among business and IT systems. This paper reveals insight into how Strategic Alignment points of view affect the achievement of government IT anticipates. The subject edges the general commitment of this paper. Association methodology, information, dynamic, Enterprise Architecture (EA) and open worth are among key points of view that are inspected to upgrade association execution. The current SA points of view is then examined in a nearby Australian Council setting in which these viewpoints are most fittingly utilized and the proper practices for IT esteem is prescribed to be utilized in open strategy. An Australian Council is answerable for a city's fundamental needs like trash expulsion, arranging of the town, and parks. The attention on an Australian Council was picked because of the effortlessness of this kind of administration. Henderson and Venkatraman [2] characterize Strategic Alignment as 'choosing appropr... Henderson and Venkatraman [2] characterize Strategic Alignment as 'choosing suitable arrangement points of view for accomplishing business targets'. Reich and Benbasat [9] characterizes arrangement as how much the data innovation strategic, and plans support are bolstered by the business crucial, and plans. Luftman [4] characterizes business IT arrangement as applying IT in a proper and opportune manner in congruity with business methodologies, objectives and necessities. Kearns and Sabherwal [10] contend that so as to improve authoritative execution, accomplishing Strategic Alignment among business and IT is fundamental. Others contend that company's inability to understand its likely estimation is expected mostly to the nonappearance of Strategic Alignment [2, 11, 12]. In 2007 Chan and Reich [3] distributed a clarified list of sources of arrangement which recorded more than 150 articles. The ebb and flow idea of the Strategic Alignment models here and there reflects and suits a long history of examination and work on concerning the best methods for connecting business and innovation systems. Be that as it may, it is essential to gauge this arrangement, and to measure its viability. Reacting to a require a progressively exhaustive arrangement estimation, numerous models have been created. For instance the Critical Success Factors (CSF) model created by Rockart [13] is probably the most punctual model that interface the utilization of IT to the authoritative destinations and its systems. The CSF is still generally utilized today. The Strategic Grid model, created by McFarlan [14], addresses four quadrants: support, processing plant, progress, and methodology every one of which speaks to a circumstance for the organization. This model clarifies how IT is identified with technique and business tasks in an organization. The

Transparency in Central Banks: An Analysis

Straightforwardness in Central Banks: An Analysis Presentation The root of focal financial framework can be followed back to 1694 when the Bank of England appeared as the principal ever national bank. The bank was built up to help King William III out of his legislatures monetary emergency however it didn't act as a loan specialist after all other options have run out until some other time (See Lovell, 1957)1. Focal banking has experienced a striking change during the most recent decade. The new worldview in money related strategy gives off an impression of being national bank self-administering and straightforward. As a matter of first importance lets see what national bank and straightforwardness implies, a national bank is a Government organization that plays out various key capacities: (1) national bank is the main bank which has the power to give cash for the benefit of its country; (2) national bank has position to increment and abatement the gracefully of credit in the economy which controls the loan costs; (3) deals with the outer estimation of its money in the outside trade markets; (4) national bank holds a level of stores as stores of different banks and other national banks in order to diminish the danger of banks overextending themselves and experiencing bank runs, (5) goes about as Fiscal Agent for the focal government, when the administration offers new issues of protections to back its tasks; and (6) The national bank additionally assumes an essential job of saving the countries crisis assets, and it is a result of this the national bank is called moneylender after all other opti ons have run out. Straightforwardness in the truly importance, transmitting light, in the reasonably meaning, clearness, in the monetarily meaning, symmetric data, and in the for all intents and purposes meaning, transparency, genuineness, lucidity, basic understanding2. We can say that national bank is a mix all these that is, it straightforwardly relate or conveys significant and important data to the financial specialists, investors and the general population in short nonattendance of hilter kilter data between national bank and other monetary operators. In this manner a national bank is supposed to be straightforward when there is less or no data asymmetry. Additionally a national bank is supposed to be straightforward if its activities are effortlessly distinguished, its arrangements are promptly comprehended, and its announcements are straightforward or valid. A national bank is straightforward when it gives consistently adequate data for general society to comprehend the approach system, to check whether the banks activities coordinate the system and to condemn its performance.3 Over the previous years, budgetary foundations have attempted to actualize different methodologies to expand its straightforwardness. One of the significant methodologies among these is, divulgence of data in distributed records has been conspicuous despite the fact that it was available however less noticeable. A lot of center was given towards financial policymaking in order to turn out to be progressively straightforward especially as for money related approach, swelling focusing on a straightforward fiscal arrangement system was embraced by and various national banks, including Swedens Riksbank and Britains Bank of England. However, scarcely any different nations like the United States have not yet bought in to expansion focusing on, yet the Fed has likewise gotten significantly more straightforward about its policymaking and activities in the course of recent years. The New Basel Accord (Pillar 3) has presented various exposure necessities that mean to improve the business secto rs capacity to evaluate a banks hazard and worth. The float towards national bank being increasingly straightforward can be effectively found in our everyday life by easygoing perception. A portion of the conspicuous instances of different national banks who have given extraordinary significance to turning out to be straightforward are the national banks of New Zealand, Canada, the United Kingdom and Sweden. These couple of countries have embraced a structure of swelling focusing from the mid 1990s itself, which is described by an unequivocal expansion target and the distribution of swelling forecasts.4 Many others nations have even begun to offer significance to having received more prominent receptiveness too, regardless of whether its not as swelling focusing on or swelling anticipating. The couple of other national banks which have received this remembers national banks for developing markets like Brazil, the as of late established European Central Bank (ECB), and even the entrenched national banks like those of the United State s, Japan and Switzerland. Writing Review Consider the armies of financial analysts whose sole capacity it is to decipher U.S. Central bank Chairman Alan Greenspans each bend and manner of expression to divine what direction the financial breezes are blowing. Caroline A. Baum, The Last Word p.645 From the above expression, two significant focuses can be viewed; one is that by attempting to expect what the activities of monitory approach will be the assets are spent. The other is that announcements are being made by the national bank that may yield some understanding into its tentative arrangements, yet the messages are not commonly straightforward. The monetary arrangement result can without much of a stretch be distinguished to an extraordinary reach out by the expanded straightforwardness on national bank through different channels. It can't be accepted that all the viewpoints calls attention to a similar way. Besides, national bank straightforwardness can't be generally characterized in all aspects6. The idea of straightforwardness contrasts from creators to creator in different manners, some may concentrate chiefly on the dynamic procedure, while some others may concentrate on different angles like models, inclinations, and considerably progressively some may investigate the information about the stuns hitting the economy, or the execution of approach decisions.7 The private informations about the national banks goals or expectations can be handily accepted from the models inferred by Faust and Svensson (2000, 2001), Jensen (2000), Geraats (2001a), and Tarkka and Mayes (1999). The model by these prominent financial analyst expresses that, straightforwardness is demonstrated as the level of unbalanced data about control blunders (Faust and Svensson (2001) and Jensen (2000)) or (foreseen) monetary stuns reflected in the arrangement instrument (Cukierman (2000a,b) and Tarkka and Mayes (1999)). Kuttner and Posen (2000) one more prominent market analysts clarifies about the decrease of swapping scale unpredictability when there was a move in the Federal Reserves and the Bank of Japans degrees of transparency.8 what's more, political weights, expanded responsibility, help of financial and money related arrangement co-appointment, and improved inner association of national bank investigation is one more contentions for straightforwardness in fiscal policy.9 Diagnostically, the three distinct systems of straightforwardness that is the least straightforward, exceptionally straightforward and the outrageous straightforward are being recognized by Faust and Svensson (2001). In the principal system, that is the least straightforward, neither the business objectives nor the expectations of the national bank can be seen by the general population. Swelling expectations of the national bank can be effortlessly seen by utilizing the second system that is exceptionally straightforward. Because of this expanded straightforwardness in swelling aims there emerges a lower expansion rate in light of the fact that the affectability of a national bank is expanded which thusly builds the notoriety to its activities, making it all the more exorbitant for the national bank to seek after a high-swelling strategy. In the extraordinary straightforwardness system, that is the third as indicated by the creator, both the expectations of the national bank just as the business objectives can be seen. The national banks notoriety just as its activities are not, at this point passed on about the swelling inclination. Higher swelling, expansion instability and joblessness changeability can be reached at because of inflationary bias.10 One more comparable structure to Faust and Svensson (2001) was received by Jensen (2000) accepting that national bank is educated secretly about its yield target and that publics ability to expect the swelling control mistake is more noteworthy. On correlation with Faust and Svensson (2001), whos principle center was around the future believability impact of national bank, while Jensen (2000) center was towards the minimal expense of expansion inside the present time frame with the assistance of new Keynesian components (amazed value setting and monopolistic rivalry). Because of this expansion in the straightforwardness, there was an expansion in the control and validity to the reputational expenses of deviations from the swelling objective. As indicated by a portion of the prominent financial analyst, straightforwardness isn't just the device utilized for free national banks to be considered responsible, yet it is frequently contended that the monetary perspective excessively can be attractive from it. The impact of national bank being straightforward is by and large colossally talked about by different policymakers and analysts. Albeit a large portion of the writing will in general kindness straightforwardness of national bank, its not the situation, the discussion still consistent whether national bank ought to be straightforward or not. A large portion of the viable and watched examine presumes that the straightforwardness kept up by national bank beforehand were attractive from a financial perspective. A significant inquiry to be posed is, regardless of whether national banks pushing toward more revelation of data are advantageous or not. In fact, there are various valid justifications to it. To start with, it tends to be contended that banks from the early time itself are obscure organizations, and increment in exposure probably won't change this darkness. Second of all, straightforwardness may not really be reached at by basically expanding the quantitative divulgences. In the expressions of Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan: An increasingly mind boggling question is whether more noteworthy volume of data has prompted practically identical enhancements in straightforwardness of firms. In the brains of a few, open exposure and straightforwardness are exchangeable. Be that as it may, they are most certainly not. Straightforwardness challenges advertise members not exclusively to give data yet in addition to put that data into a setting that makes it significant (

The Cherry Orchard Review Essay Example

The Cherry Orchard Review Paper Paper on The Cherry Orchard The play The Cherry Orchard last work of the incredible essayist, AP Chekhov. He kept in touch with her, being in critical condition, as though bidding farewell to adored Russia, recalling all the most significant relic of times gone by, present, and considering the future, about what he will desert. Distinctive play saints represent the past, present and future. For instance, Ranevskaya and Guys fixated on recollections of times past, LOPAKHIN occupied transitory issues, trying to exploit all that he has right now, and Peter and Anya look a long ways ahead, paying little heed to the real occasions. So past, present and future discover their relations all through the story. Each character talks about his own, without tuning in to the next, with the outcome that there is a quietness where you hear the far off sound of a miserable broken string. The internal dramatization of each is a higher priority than outer occasions. It appears that the writer appears to ask perusers questions and to myself for what valid reason so absurdly squandering his life individuals? why it is so easygoing about family members? Why spend so flighty words and essentialness, innocently accepting that they will live perpetually and will have the option to carry on with an existence without remedies, once m ore? Legends of the play and merit feel sorry for, and merciless chuckling through tears imperceptible to the world. We will compose a custom paper test on The Cherry Orchard Review explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on The Cherry Orchard Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on The Cherry Orchard Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer AP. Chekhov has made a vague work, the discussion about the class that exists right up 'til the present time. While taking a shot at the play Chekhov talked about her character all in all, came out I don't have the show and satire, some of the time even joke and communicated his disappointment with the general translation of the play: Why on banners and in paper advertisements my play so perseveringly called the dramatization? Nemirovich Alexeyev (Stanislavsky) to see my play decidedly not what I composed, and Im ready to give anything a word that them two had not deliberately perused my play . Its opportunity to go! In the manner! - with these words leave the house, bolting the entryways. There stays just the old Firs, which is by all accounts all dealt with, yet whom and neglected to send to the clinic. Fiers, moaning that Leonid went to the coat, as opposed to in a fur garment, lets go lie still. I heard a similar sound of a breaking string. There is quiet, and just heard as distant in the nursery with a hatchet thump on wood.

Critical evaluation of 4 Ps Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Basic assessment of 4 Ps - Essay Example This enormity of Nokia is only for the explanation that, it distinguishes the center of brand should be depicted in everything that the organization does, especially those that impact the clients (Hooley and Graham, 2008). The item configuration is clearly critical to the achievement of the item, yet the inquiry emerges that how the Nokia manages to embed characteristics in item plan? The reaction is that it gives their client a lot of thought to utilize their telephones. The huge showcase screen, for instance, is the â€Å"appearance† of the telephone. The outline of telephones is curved and simple to get a handle on. The portable packaging and different highlights, for example, hues and functionalities can be altered by the user’s character, lifestyle, and outlook of the client. The delicate keypads additionally put in the incredible arrangement of empathy and solace, articulating the brand nature. Item configuration underlines on the client and their needs, and this can without much of a stretch be summed up in the catchphrase â€Å"human technology’’ (Kotler and Pfoertsch, 2006). Be that as it may, in the USA, Nokia status has begun shaking. It drove the 40% portions of the American market in 2008 with its Symbian OS in 2009, 33% Apple’s iPhone began taking business sector and some different organizations, for example, Motorola, HTC, Samsung and so forth currently shares in nearly 5% of the American market. Nokia’s enormous contenders are Samsung, Apple and HTC (Ewan, 2010). Showcasing Mix 4P’s Nokia is using effectively its 4P’s Price Place Promotion Product Price controls the brand cost in two different ways (1) search at the most reduced cost to avoid monetary hazard or (2) look for the more significant expense to pick up the item quality (Kotler and Pfoertsch, 2006). There is a particular class of clients for which the cost is indispensable particularly while thinking about things for regular use. In this situation, a few clients may likewise pick the brand since they are offered at most reduced costs, though a few clients want to purchase significant expense since they accept that more significant expense things are of high caliber. The telephones that Nokia is creating are as often as possible sold at significant expenses. The estimation of new innovation begins diminishing following two months of its starting time. Nokia telephones are for the most part sold at ?200+, on the off chance that they convey the most recent innovation. The costs of such innovation are for the most part dependent on contenders and rivalry, yet they constantly attempted to be inside the methodology of their clients, they generally think about their clients (Gabrielssona and Gabrielsson, 2008). Spots Nokia telephones are accessible and by and large sold everywhere throughout the world. A portion of the prestigious sellers or retailers of this item are Advance telecom, United versatile, Mobile zone , The Find (Dubai), Dixon‘s and other Electrical providers. Advancements Advertising which should be possible through the TV (arrangement of Nokia Lumia Ad one with Priyanka chopra), Bill sheets (everywhere throughout the world they are utilizing bulletins to advance Nokia), Radio and Newspaper, Posters Dummies and show stands. Nokia is likewise doing their advancement by giving item trainings to understudy for which they had orchestrated exceptional instructional courses in different foundations. Advancement is one of the imperative viewpoints to center upon in this innovative industry. Thus every organization will undoubtedly utilize all weapons of promoting which incorporates bleeding edge

Sample on To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Book Report

Sample on To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Book Report To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee Book Report Mar 11, 2019 in Book Report Introduction Harper Lee is the author of one novel. This fate has characterized only few writers in world literature. However, this story can be associated with the name of Harper Lee. She entered into the literature of the second half of the 20th century along with the names of the writers of the American South and occupied a special place. A book To Kill a Mockingbird is considered a classic of modern American literature. According to the results of one survey, this novel was chosen the best book of the past 20th century. The author is a well-known American writer. To Kill a Mockingbird has brought the worldwide fame its creator who was awarded the Pulitzer Prize. This novel was published July 11, 1960. It was translated into 50 languages. Nowadays, the novel still remains a bestseller. Nevertheless, the literature fame influenced Lee in a strange way. She stopped writing. Thus, this was her first and last novel (Mills, 2011).

MBA Admissions News Roundup

The Daily Pennsylvanian celebrates the fact that 45% of Whartons incoming MBA class of 2013 will be women. This number represents quite an achievementa 5% increase from the classes in the past two years and the highest percentage in Whartons history. Harvard has also reached a new record this year with women representing 39% of its incoming class. Bloomberg Businessweek wrote about the fervor worked up around plagiarism at the GMAC annual conference coming up. Due to excessive amounts of plagiarism discovered in last years batch of Penn State applications, many business schools are expected to be more aggressive this year. Penn State has begun using a software application called Turnitin, and many other universities are expected to follow suit. An article in the Financial Times announced that Trium, the three-center Executive MBA program taught by New York Universitys Stern school, HEC Paris, and the London School of Economics (LSE), will be adding a second cohort in 2012. While students already split their time between New York, London and Paris, the new cohort will enable more time to be spent in emerging markets, such as India and China. A $37,000 tweet? It sounds like a misunderstanding, but Bloomberg Businessweek explains that it is in fact a full-tuition award package for whoever can tweet the most creative response to The University of Iowas Tippie College of Business application tweet question: What makes you an exceptional Tippie Full-time MBA candidate and future MBA hire? Creativity encouraged! While social networking savvy is increasingly important to business schools, Tippie has definitely taken it to the next level! Accepted.com ~ Helping You Write Your Best

Language, Physical Appearance And Religion - 1913 Words

TITLE Sanjana Satish H2P Paper 1 The word â€Å"community† is usually defined as a group of people living together in the same area and having some common characteristics, such as language, physical appearance and religion. In The Songlines by Bruce Chatwin, the common characteristics that form the Aboriginals’ tribal communities are familial ties and their culture (similar form of lifestyle, similar beliefs and similar traditions); while in Gilgamesh it is the city-state they belong to and their settled lifestyle that holds the community together. Another difference in the two works is that the society in The Songlines does not have a hierarchal monarchy that Gilgamesh has, but instead has everyone as equals for the most part. However,†¦show more content†¦There are Tjakamarras and Jaburullas and Duburungas like me, and so on all over the country,† (Chatwin, 290). This means that they identify as their tribe and not the name that is put on them by white Australians. However , despite this, all the tribes follow the same religious beliefs. They all go on Walkabouts, they all sing the songs of the Ancestors, and they all have tjurungas that they view as sacred. Another aspect of their religion is that they have Kirda and Kutungurlu in each tribe. Kirda is â€Å"the owner or boss of the land,† while Kutungurlu is the â€Å" manager or helper † of the ‘boss’ (Chatwin, 98). The reason this binds the different tribes together is because the Kutungurlu has to be from â€Å"a different totemic clan and was a nephew† of the Kirda on his mother’s side (Ferry, 98). This ensures that the clans communicate and be at peace with each other, as they are interdependent on the other. Another aspect of their culture that strengthens feelings of community is the abundance of singing and rituals. The songs of the Aboriginals tell the stories of their Ancestor walking across Australia, and each Aboriginal â€Å"owns† a certain part of the song, which also acts as their property deeds. Whenever the elders decided to sing the whole song, they send word so that all the Aboriginals of that clan gather together and stand

According to most psychologists and research on...

According to most psychologists and research on dissociative disorders, Dissociative Identity Disorder (previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder) is a posttraumatic mental illness formed from disturbing experiences as a child, especially child abuse. The socio-cognitive model describes integration between social and cognitive influences on the way to function and process information and is therefore connected. Psychiatrists who believe in this model suggest that DID is not a valid psychiatric disorder but instead caused by therapists training their patients to believe their symptoms are leading them to create different sets of personalities. Also, DID may be a result of the media’s portrayal on psychotherapeutic defense mechanisms†¦show more content†¦According to this socio-cognitive model, psychotherapists have the most crucial role in influencing a patient’s condition by proposing and validating the concept of alternate identities, using hypnosis to create symptoms, and then manipulating the patients behavior through differential reinforcement (Spanos, 1994). It is also highly possible that the media could have led to the growing creation of the disorder by presenting cases such as Corbett H. Thigpen and Hervey M. Cleckley’s, The Three Faces of Eve, and Sybil, written by Flora Rheta Schreiber. These books and films have legitimized this mental disorder and facilitated the general public in learning how to replicate the character of someone diagnosed with DID. There have been many critiques of the theory that DID is medically induced and the conclusions reached by researchers has often stated that even though some developing symptoms of DID can be created from therapeutic advice, there is not any evidence that suggests that the disorder itself could be created. Therefore, the theory fails to explain several reported cases of the disorder. It has also been acknowledged that the definitive assumption is false because itShow MoreRelatedDissociative Identity Disorder Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagesparticular film came to mind. Teddy Daniels, played by Leonardo DiCaprio in Shutter Island is a perfect example of someone who displays dissociative identity disorder. Even though the movie leaves the audience curious as to whether Daniels actually has multiple personality disorder, it is evident by the end of the film that Daniels has dissociative personality disorder. The people who are unfamiliar with this film and main character, Teddy Daniels w as once a detective who had a family, but also had experiencedRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder ( Mpd )2805 Words   |  12 Pages Running Head: DISOCIATIVE IDENTITY DISORDER 1 Abstract â€Å"Dissociative identity disorder (DID), which was formerly known as multiple personality disorder (MPD), is a disorder in which an individual has the presence of two or more identities or personality states† (Pais 2009, pg.1). Throughout this paper the reader will be provided with information regarding Dissociative Identity Disorder; a disorder that is truly as unique, and complicatedRead MoreMultiple Personality Disorder Essay1635 Words   |  7 PagesMultiple Personality Disorder Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) is a mental disease that exists in about one percent of the population. Much research supports the existence of this disease and its origins, causes and effects on the people in who suffer with it. This essay will clearly define Multiple Personality Disorder along with a detailed synopsis of the disease itself. The diagnosis, alter personalities, different treatments and views will indicate the disease is real. The AmericanRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder And Multiple Personality Disorder1399 Words   |  6 Pages Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is defined as â€Å"a severe condition in which two or more distinct identities, or personality states, are present in—and alternately take control of—an individual†. In 1994, the name of the disorder was changed to reflect a better understanding of the condition. DID is characterized by fragmentation, not by the growth of separate identities. DID is not a new disorder. However, it has been misunderstood forRead MoreHow Shutter Island Relates to Psychology Essay example1070 Words   |  5 Pagesconstant learning and new therapy methods from psychologist. You have different types of mental hospitals. According to Jeremy Clyman, M.A. the movie was â€Å"inspired by the snake pit mental hospitals of the 50s and 60s in which many chronically ill patients suffered a lifetime of filth and mistreatment†. Because of the new discoveries as how to treat the mentally ill in the1950s, dangerous medicines and operations were used on people without much research. The movie discusses the ice pick frontalRead MoreDissociative Identity Disorder And Media Depictions3153 Words   |  13 PagesDissociative Identity Disorder and Media Depictions We live in a world where the entertainment industry is thriving. Over the years, there have been several films, books, and television shows that depict a disorder that is most currently known as Dissociative Identity Disorder, previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder. Some of the most disturbing film and television scenes are those that involve a person dramatically switching from their dominant self to a dark and demented alter ego, oftenRead MoreAp Psychology2810 Words   |  12 Pagesfor A) antisocial personality disorder. B) dissociative identity disorder. C) major depressive disorder. D) obsessive-compulsive disorder. E) schizophrenia. 2. A lack of conscience is most characteristic of those who have a(n) ________ disorder. A) dissociative B) antisocial personality C) dysthymic D) generalized anxiety E) obsessive-compulsive 3. A World Health Organization study of 20 countries estimated that ________ had the highest prevalence of mental disorders during the prior year. A ) JapanRead MoreThe Three Faces of Eve and dissociative identity disorder2060 Words   |  9 PagesAlthough dissociative identity disorder (formerly called multiple personality disorder) is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose, it seems to be awfully popular with numerous Hollywood interpretations. The Three Faces of Eve does a fairly admirable job of conveying the disorder even though information defining the illness was (and still is) limited at the time the movie was made. Eve White, Eve Black, and Jane, all played by Joanne Woodward, had distinct personalities. Eve White was the quietRead MoreQuestions on Abnormal Psychology4701 Words   |  19 PagesPoints Question 1 of 50 1.0 Points According to the integrative model, which of the following factors influence the onset and maintenance of somatic symptom disorders?   A.Biological, psychological, social and cultural factors.   B.Psychological, cultural and perceptual factors.   C.Medical, sociological, and psychological factors.   D.Cultural, medical, and gender factors. Answer Key:  A Question 2 of 50 1.0 Points Concerning the cause of dissociative disorders, _______ dominate(s) this field ofRead MoreEssay about A Singular Self-Identity3465 Words   |  14 Pages Self-identity is singular. The belief in this existence of one’s self, presupposes all our experiences of consciousness. We all hold that this identity is ours alone. I speak of my experiences as experienced by me. I would seem to be talking nonsense , if I referred to myself in the plural or spoke of how the multiplicity of ‘me’s’ experienced an event. Although most will submit to the existence of levels of consciousness, we categorize those people who exhibit distinct personalities as non-ordinary

Figure of Sound in Prose and Poetry

A figure of speech that relies primarily on the sound of a word or phrase (or the repetition of sounds) to convey a particular effect is known as a figure of sound. Although figures of sound are often found in poetry, they can also be used effectively in prose. Common figures of sound include alliteration, assonance, consonance, onomatopoeia, and rhyme. Examples and Observations: AlliterationA moist young moon hung above the mist of a neighboring meadow.(Vladimir Nabokov, Speak Memory: An Autobiography Revisited, 1966)AssonanceShips at a distance have every mans wish on board. For some they come in with the tide. For others they sail forever on the same horizon, never out of sight, never landing until the Watcher turns his eyes away in resignation, his dreams mocked to death by Time. That is the life of men.(Zora Neale Hurston, Their Eyes Were Watching God, 1937)ConsonanceThis earth is tough stuff, he said. Break a mans back, break a plow, break an oxs back for that matter.(David Anthony Durham, Gabriels Story. Doubleday, 2001)OnomatopoeiaFlora left Franklin’s side and went to the one-armed bandits spread along one whole side of the room. From where she stood it looked like a forest of arms yanking down levers. There was a continuous clack, clack, clack of levers, then a click, click, click of tumblers coming up. Following this was a metallic poof some times followed by the clatter of silver dollars coming down through the funnel to land with a happy smash in the coin receptacle at the bottom of the machine.(Rod Serling, The Fever. Stories From the Twilight Zone, 2013)RhymeA veritable fusillade of smells, compounded of the pungent odors of deep fat, sharks fin, sandalwood, and open drains, now bombarded our nostrils and we found ourselves in the thriving hamlet of Chinwangtao. Every sort of object imaginable was being offered by street hawkers--basketwork, noodles, poodles, hardware, leeches, breeches, peaches, watermelon seeds, roots, boots, flutes, coats, shoats, stoats, even early vintage phonograph records.(S.J. Perelman, Westward Ha! 1948)Figures of Sound in Poes ProseDuring the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country, and at length found myself, as the shades o f evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher.(Edgar Allan Poe, The Fall of the House of Usher, 1839)Figures of Sound in Dylan Thomass ProseThere was no need, that holiday morning, for the sluggardly boys to be shouted down to breakfast; out of their jumbled beds they tumbled, and scrambled into their rumpled clothes; quickly at the bathroom basin they catlicked their hands and faces, but never forgot to run the water loud and long as though they washed like colliers; in front of the cracked looking-glass, bordered with cigarette cards, in their treasure-trove bedrooms, they whisked a gap-tooth comb through their surly hair; and with shining cheeks and noses and tidemarked necks, they took the stairs three at a time.But for all their scramble and scamper, clamour on the landing, catlick and toothbrush flick, hair-whisk and stair-jump, their sisters were always there before them. Up with the lady lark, they had prinked and frizzed and hot-ironed; and smug in their b lossoming dresses, ribboned for the sun, in gym-shoes white as the blancod snow, neat and silly with doilies and tomatoes they helped in the higgledy kitchen. They were calm; they were virtuous; they had washed their necks; they did not romp, or fidget; and only the smallest sister put out her tongue at the noisy boys.(Dylan Thomas, Holiday Memory, 1946. Rpt. in The Collected Stories. New Directions, 1984)Figures of Sound in John Updikes Prose- Do you remember a fragrance girls acquire in autumn? As you walk beside them after school, they tighten their arms about their books and bend their heads forward to give a more flattering attention to your words, and in the little intimate area thus formed, carved into the clear air by an implicit crescent, there is a complex fragrance woven of tobacco, powder, lipstick, rinsed hair, and that perhaps imaginary and certainly elusive scent that wool, whether in the lapels of a jacket or the nap of a sweater, seems to yield when the cloudless fa ll sky like the blue bell of a vacuum lifts toward itself the glad exhalations of all things. This fragrance, so faint and flirtatious on those afternoon walks through the dry leaves, would be banked a thousandfold and lie heavy as the perfume of a flower shop on the dark slope of the stadium when, Friday nights, we played football in the city.(John Updike, In Football Season. The New Yorker, November 10, 1962)- By rhyming, language calls attention to its own mechanical nature and relieves the represented reality of seriousness. In this sense, rhyme and allied irregularities like alliteration and assonance assert a magical control over things and constitute a spell. When children, in speaking, accidentally rhyme, they laugh, and add, Im a poet / And dont know it, as if to avert the consequences of a stumble into the supernatural. . . .Our mode is realism, realistic is synonymous with prosaic, and the prose writers duty is to suppress not only rhyme but any verbal accident that would mar the textual correspondence to the massive, onflowing impersonality that has supplanted the chiming heavens of the saint.(John Updike, Rhyming Max. Assorted Prose. Alfred A. Knopf, 1965)Poetic Functions of Language[English poet] Gerard Manley Hopkins, an outstanding searcher in the science of poetic language, defined verse as speech wholly or partially repeating the same figure of sound. Hopkins subsequent question, but is all verse poetry? can be definitely answered as soon as the poetic function ceases to be arbitrarily confined to the domain of poetry. Mnemonic lines cited by Hopkins (like Thirty days hath September), modern advertising jingles, and versified medieval laws, mentioned by Lotz, or finally Sanskrit scientific treatises in verse which in Indic tradition are strictly distinguished from true poetry (kavya)--all these metrical texts make use of the poetic function without, however, assigning to this function the coercing, determining role it carries in poetry.(Roman Jakobson, Language in Literature. Harvard University Press, 1987)Word Play and Sound Play in a Poem by E.E. Cummingsapplaws)fellowsitisnts(a paw s(E.E. Cummings, Poem 26 in 1 X 1, 1944)The False Dichotomy Between Sound and SenseIn plain expository prose, such as this book is written in, says [literary critic G.S. Fraser], both writer and reader are consciously concerned not mainly with rhythm but with sense. This is a false dichotomy. The sounds of a poem connected by rhythm are indeed the living body of thought. Take the sound as poetry and there is no further stage of interpretation into poetry. Just the same is true of periodic prose: the rhythm of the period organizes sound into a unit of sense.My criticism of the logical tradition in grammar is just that stress, pitch, attitude, emotion are not suprasegmental matters added to the basic logic or syntax but other glimpses of a linguistic whole which includes grammar as usually understood. . . . I accept the now unfashionable vie w of all the old grammarians that prosody is a necessary part of grammar. . . .Figures of thought like understatement or emphasis are no more and no less expressed in sound than anything else.(Ian Robinson, The Establishment of Modern English Prose in the Reformation and the Enlightenment. Cambridge University Press, 1998)Figures of Sound in 16th-Century Prose- Suspicion that an inordinate attraction to figures of sound was likely to tyrannise a writers style, that the claims of the ear threatened to dominate those of the mind, has always dogged analysis of Tudor prose, especially in the case of [John] Lyly. Francis Bacon indicted [Roger] Ascham and his followers for precisely this failing: for men began to hunt more after words than matter; more after the choiceness of the phrase, and the round and clean composition of the sentence, and the sweet falling of the clauses, and the varying and illustration of their works with tropes and figures, than after the weight of the matter, wor th of subject, soundness of argument, life of invention, or depth of judgment [The Advancement of Learning].(Russ McDonald, Compar or Parison: Measure for Measure. Renaissance Figures of Speech, ed. by Sylvia Adamson, Gavin Alexander, and Katrin Ettenhuber. Cambridge University Press, 2007)- Shall my good will be the cause of his ill will? Because I was content to be his friend, thought he me meet to be made his fool? I see now that as the fish scolopidus in the flood Araris at the waxing of the moon is as white as the driven snow, and at the waning as black as the burnt coal, so Euphues, which at the first increasing of our familiarity was very zealous, is now at the last cast become most faithless.(John Lyly, Euphues: the Anatomy of Wit, 1578) See also: 10 Titillating Types of Sound Effects in LanguageEuphonyEuphuismExercise in Identifying Sound Effects in Poetry and ProseFigures of SpeechHomoioteleutonHomophonesOronymProsodyReduplicativeRhythmSound Symbolism

Animal Farm By George Orwell - 1470 Words

Animal Farm As Lord Acton once said, â€Å"Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely†. During the beginning of the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell, Old Major, the prize Middle White boar describes the oppression that the animals on Manor Farm have experienced. Old Major goes to foreshadow that a day will come when the animals will overthrow their human masters and build an equitable society. That day does in fact come and the animals cause their previous master, Jones, to flee the farm leading to the farms original name of Manor Farm to be changed to Animal Farm. However, we quickly see that the pigs, by virtue of their leadership of the revolution, quickly become corrupted by the power that they have achieved thus corrupting the primary ideals on animalism. A few days following the revolution, the principles of Animalism were pure and simple, and all abided to the seven commandments put forth. The most significant of the seven commandments and the backbone of animalism was set out by Old Major and enforced by a boar named Snowball during the very beginning of the novel stating that, â€Å"‘...above all, no animal must ever tyrannise over his own kind. Weak or strong, clever or simple, we are all brothers’† (Orwell, 11) which was later summarized to be the seventh commandment, â€Å"all animal are equal† (Orwell, 25). Old Major having said this goes to show that the initial purpose of animalism and the revolution was not to take out one dictator merely so he can beShow MoreRelatedAnimal Farm And George Orwell By George Orwell1034 Words   |  5 Pages Eric Arthur Blair, under the pseudonym of George Orwell, composed many novels in his lifetime that were considered both politically rebellious and socially incorrect. 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Snowball was known as a traitor now and anyone conspiring with him would be killed. Snowball and Napoleon both represent historical characters during the Russian revolution in 1917.Snowball who was one of the smartest pigs

Real Time Road Sign Recognition System Free Essays

Real Time Road Sign Recognition System Using Artificial Neural Networks For Bengali Textual Information Box An Automated Road Sign Recognition system using Artificial Neural Network for the Textual Information box inscribing in Bengali is presented on the paper. Signs are visual languages that represent some special circumstantial information of environment. Road signs, being among the most important around us primarily for safety reasons, are designed, and manufactured and installed according to tight regulations. We will write a custom essay sample on Real Time Road Sign Recognition System or any similar topic only for you Order Now The system captures real time images every two seconds and saves them as JPG format files. Firstly some road sign are already stored in the memory. Like: Warning Sign, Prohibition Sign, Obligation Sign and Informative Sign. Car Driver concentration and illiterateness isn’t always focused on what it should be and not always notice the road signs. For these reasons, automation of Bangla Road Sign Recognition system is highly essential. Previously several works are done by Mueller, Piccioli, Novovicova, Yuille, Escalera and others. But those are not in Bengali. Real Time Road Sign Recognition System Using Artificial Neural Networks for Bengali Textual Information Box which is done by Mohammad Osiur Rahman, Fouzia Asharf Mousumi, Edgar Scavino, Aini Hussain, Hassan Basri whose are from the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh, Faculty of Engineering, University Kebangsaan Malaysia. For doing this they divide the total Concept in Steps: 1. Image Acquisition: From several video sequences from a moving vehicle for a certain period are consecutive frames recorded within 2 seconds are similar. For this they have used Application Programming Interface functions of VB 6. 0. Every 2-second a frame is collected and stored in JPG format. 2. Preprocessing: Median filter is used to reduce impulsive or salt-and-pepper type noise from captured images and then normalized into 320 X 240 pixels. 3. Text Detection and Extraction: An algorithm was developed for textual information detection and extraction from Bangla Road Signs on the basis of the Sobel Edge Detection technique. Like the following: I. Read input image in . jpg format II. Convert colored image into gray scale image III. Apply 3Ãâ€"3 median filter convolution masks on gray scale image IV. Calculated edges by applying Sobel convolutions mask V. Thicken the calculated edges by dilation VI. Apply vertical Sobel projection filter on dimmed image VII. Create a histogram by computing projection values VIII. Find the threshold value of the image IX. Loop on the possible positive identifications based on the histogram values X. Extract the possible positive identifications based on the histogram values XI. Apply Sobel horizontal edge-emphasis for other possible text area searches XII. Convert detected text region into binary image XIII. Calculate height and width of detected region of text XIV. Crop the image 4. Bangla OCR using MLP: An ANN based approach is used for Bangla OCR of road signs’ text. It has 3 sub modules – Character segmentation, Feature Extraction and Character Recognition by MLP NN. 5. Confirmation of Textual Road Signs and Conversion 6. Speech synthesis The Proposed system works like the following: 1. From video sequences capture a single frame in JPG format in each 2 seconds. 2. Preprocess the captured image each time . Detect the Text and Extract that and then Extracted Text will recognize by Bengali Optical Character Recognition System. 4. Recognized characters of textual information compared with the stored knowledge and then give decision valid or invalid. 5. If Valid then recognize and according to users choice it provide Bengali or it convert to English and provide audio stream. The system processes the images to find out whe ther they contain images of road signs or not. The textual information of the road signs is detected and extracted from the images. The Bengali OCR system takes the textual information as an input to recognize individual Bengali characters. The Bengali OCR is implemented using Multi-layer Perceptron. The output of the Bengali OCR system is compared with the previously enrolled standard Bengali textual road signs. The throughput which comes from the matching process is used as input for the speech synthesizer and finally the system delivers the audio stream to the driver, either in Bengali or in English based on the user settings. After testing this system, the obtained accuracy rate was evaluated at 91. 48%. Our Idea by using Hopfield Associative Memory Our work to done this thesis by using Associative Memory. Which are two types – Hetero Associative Memory Auto Associative Memory. We will use the Auto-associative / Autocorrelators Memory for our purposes. It’s now most easily recognized by the title of HAM(Hopfield Associative Memory), were introduced as a theoretical notation by Donald Hebb. To do this we need to first generate Matrices (Row or Column Matrix) in the Bipolar Boolean format (-1 and +1) from the Image. Then the matrices need to transpose of each of the matrices and then create the encoding process (The Connection Matrix) by [pic] And then need to Recognized of the stored patterns or feed each of the matrix by [pic] Introducing the Bipolar Function to [pic]. If [pic] = 0 set the value +1 otherwise set the value -1 for each of the Element of the Matrix of [pic]. Now Recognition of Noisy Patterns by finding the Hamming Distance (HD) with the Given Noisy Pattern N by [pic] Which Hamming Distance of noisy and stored pattern are less the probability of matching to noisy pattern with the stored pattern are most. And then need to Recognized of the Noisy patterns or feed each of the matrix with Encoding Process by [pic] By using Bipolar Function to [pic]. If [pic] 0 set the value +1 otherwise set the value -1 for each of the Element of the Matrix of [pic]. In this method we need to store all road sign text segmented by each blank will generate Matrices. And by the above method generate correlation matrix. If the Bipolar Noisy Matrix matched with the Transposed Matrix of the stored Image Transpose Matrix, in the case of partial vectors, an Auto-Correlator results in the refinement of the pattern or removal of noise to retrieve the closest matching stored pattern. Our Idea by using WANG et al. ’s Multiple training encoding strategy (WANG MTES): The algorithm of the WANG MTES is like the following: Step-1:Initialize the correlation matrix M to null matrix M ( [0]. Step-2:Compute the M as, For I ( 1 to N M ( M ( [qi * (Transpose Xi’) ( Yi’] [where Xi’ and Yi bipolar patterns] End Step-3:Read input bipolar Pattern A’ Step-4:Compute A_M where A_M ( A’ ( M Step-5:Apply threshold function ( to A_M to get B’ [(=bipolar of Matrices] Step-6:Output B’ which is the associated Pattern Pair. In this method, as like the HOPFIELD ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY we need to store all road sign text segmented by each character will generate Matrices Associated with the equivalent ASCII of Bengali Character Matrix. And by the above method generate correlation matrix of the stored Pattern. Now from the input image text need to generate matrix of called noisy pattern will must in bipolar form. And Feed with the Correlation Matrix. Equation like the following: [pic] qi’s are positive real number called generalized correlation matrix, will be change according to the improving feeding necessity. Figure: Schematic view of Bangla Road Sign Recognition System ———————– Speech Language Choose? Speech synthesis Convert into equivalent English text English Bengali Audio stream Valid Bangla road Sign Recognized Unrecognized Yes Prememorized Knowledge (Bangla Sign Textual info Database) Image (JPG format) Processing Text detection extraction Matching Bangla OCR using WANG MTES Extracted Text Recognized Characters of Texture Information Single Frame Video Sequences No How to cite Real Time Road Sign Recognition System, Essays

Judicial Activism vs Judicial Restraint Essay Example For Students

Judicial Activism vs Judicial Restraint Essay Judicial activism and judicial restraint are two opposing philosophies when it comes to the Supreme Court justices interpretations of the United States Constitution; justices appointed by the President to the Supreme Court serve for life,and thus whose decisions shape the lives of We the people for a long time to come. Marbury v. Madison, one of the first Supreme Court cases asserting the power of judicial review, is an effective argument for this power; however, it lacks direct textual basis for the decision. John Marshall managed to get away with this deficiency because of the silence on many issues and the vague wording of the Constitution. Marshall was also the first to interpret the Constitution loosely, also known as judicial activism. During his term as Supreme Court Chief Justice, Marshall was also successful in loose constructionism through other landmark Supreme Court cases such as Gibbons v. Ogden (Emancipation Proclamation of commerce), and McCulloch v. Maryland (whose decision stated that the states cannot tax a federal bank). These landmark decisions were the basis and the precedent for future Supreme Court cases, and had also provided a means through which the Supreme Court can question the law and even possibly change different facets of life affecting the present and future of We the people. Liberals and Democrats tend to favor judicial activism as it opens new doors to interpretation and experimentation. However, those that favor judicial restraint on the other hand, and thus favor the status quo and the strict construction of the Constitution are conservatives and Republicans. Two landmark Supreme Court decisions that strictly interpreted the Constitution for its literal meaning were Dred Scott v. Sanford and Plessy v. Ferguson. In the Dred Scott case, the Supreme Court ruled that African Americans did not have the right to sue for their freedom, since they were seen strictly by the law as property and not even citizens of the United States. As well, in Plessy v. Ferguson the Court ruled that segregation of public schools was not unconstitutional, even though African Americans were still seen as equal citizens due to the 14th Amendment to the Constitution (separate but equal). However, this particular case was then overturned by Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka, Kansas in 1954. The Brown decision, unlike that of Plessy v. Fergusion and Dred Scott v. Sanford expressed judicial activism and ruled racial segregation unconstitutional. Many will protest that the people do not elect the Supreme Court Justices and therefore the Supreme Court should not have the power of judicial activism and change the law of the land. However, as one critic points out, No institution in a democratic society could become and remain potent unless it could count on a solid block of public opinion that would rally to its side in a pinch. However, anticipating the nominees to the Supreme Court most likely to be forwarded to the US Senate for confirmation by President George Walker Bush, since Bush is a conservative, he is most likely to favor the philosophy of judicial restraint. Clearly, the Supreme Court is ultimately responsible to the will of the people, and the future ramifications of said choices may indeed lean toward judicial restraint more often than judicial activism, thus favoring the status quo and earlier precedents set by previous Supreme Court decisions. By maintaining independence from politics, the Justices avoid the major problems of political parties and party platforms. Furthermore, the Supreme Courts small size allows the Constitution to speak with a unified voice throughout the country. Bibliography: .

Computer Crime (2899 words) Essay Example For Students

Computer Crime (2899 words) Essay Computer CrimeIts the weekend, you have nothing to do so you decide to play around on yourcomputer. You turn it on and then start up, you start calling people with yourmodem, connecting to another world, with people just like you at a button pressaway. This is all fine but what happens when you start getting into otherpeoples computer files. Then it becomes a crime, but what is a computer crimereally, obviously it involves the use of a computer but what are these crimes. Well they are: Hacking, Phreaking, ; Software Piracy. To begin I will startwith Hacking, what is hacking. Hacking is basically using your computer toHack your way into another. They use programs called scanners whichrandomly dials numbers any generating tones or carriers are recorded. Thesenumbers are looked at by hackers and then used again, when the hacker calls upthe number and gets on hes presented with a logon prompt, this is where thehacking really begins, the hacker tries to bypass this anyway he knows how toand tries to gain access to the system. Why do they do it, well lets go to abook and see Avid young computer hackers in their preteens and teens arefrequently involved in computer crimes that take the form of trespassing,invasion of privacy, or vandalism. Quite often they are mearly out for a fun andgames evening, and they get entangled in the illegal use of their machineswithout realizing the full import of what they are doing, I have a hardtime believing that so lets see what a hacker has to say about whathe does Just as they were enthraled with their pursuit of information, soare we. The thrill of the hack is not in breaking the law, its in the pursuitand capture of knowledge., as you can see the hacker doesntgo out to do destroy things although some do. Its in the pursuit of knowledge. Of course this is still against the law. But where did all of this start, MIT iswhere hacking started the people there would learn and explore computer systemsall around the world. In the views of professional hacking is like drugs or anyother addictive substance, its an addiction for the mind and once started itsdifficult to stop. This could be true, as hackers know what they are doing iswrong and they know odds are they will be caught. But as I mentioned somehackers are just above average criminals, using there skills to break in banksand other places where they can get money, or where they can destroyinformation. What a hacker does at a bank is take a few cents or even a fewfractions of a cents from many different accounts this may seem like nothing butwhen all compiled can be alot. A stick up robber averages about $8,000 eachjob, and he has to put his life and personal freedom on the line todo it while the computer hacker in the comfort of his own living room averages$500,000 a j ob. As for people destroying information, this is fortaking some one down, destruction of data could end a business which for some isvery attractive. It can cost a company thousands of dollars to restore thedamage done. Now that you have an understanding of what a hacker is,it time to move on to someone closely associates with a hacker. This is a Phreak,but what is that. For the answer we turn to the what is known as theOfficial Phreakers Manual Phreak 1. The action ofusing mischievous and mostly illegal ways in order to not pay for some sort oftelecommunications bill, order, transfer, or other service. It often involvesusage of highly illegal boxes and machines in order to defeat the security thatis set up to avoid this sort of happening. v. 2. A person who usesthe above methods of destruction and chaos in order to make a better life forall. A true phreaker will not go against his fellows or narc on people who haveragged on him or do anything termed to be dishonourable to phreaks . n. 3. A certain code or dialup useful in the action of being a phreak. (Example:I hacked a new metro phreak last night.) The latter 2 ideas ofwhat a phreak is, is rather weird. A Phreak like the hacker likes to explore andexperiment, however his choice of exploring is not other computer but the phonesystem as a whole. Phreaks explore the phone system finding many different waysto do things, most often make free calls. Why do they do this, A hackerand phreaker will have need to use telephone systems much more than an averageindividual, therefore, methods which can be used to avoid toll charges are inorder. . A phreak has two basic ways of making free calls, he can call upcodes or PBXs on his phone and then enter a code and make his call or he can useElectronic Toll Fraud Devices. Codes are rather easy to get the phreak will scanfor them, but unlike a hacker will only save the tone(s) number instead of thecarrier(s). Then he will attempt to hack the code to use it, these codes rangefrom numbers 0 9 and can be any length, although most are not more than 10. Electronic Toll Fraud Devices are known as Boxes in the underground. Most arethe size of a pack of smokes, or than can be smaller or bigger. I will not gotoo deep. They are electronic devices than do various things, such as makeoutgoing calls free, make incoming calls free, simulate coins dropping in aphone, etc. People who Phreak are caught alot these days thanks tothe new technology. Software Piracy is the most common computer crime, it is theillegal coping of software. People wouldnt think of shoplifting softwarefrom a retail store, but dont think twice about going home and making severalillegal copies of the same software. and this is true because I myself amguilty of this. The major problem is not people going out and buying thesoftware then making copies for everyone, its the Bulletin Boards that cater topirating software, that really cause the problem. On anyone one of these boardsone can find an upwards of 300 1000+ of pirated software open for anyone totake. This is a probl em and nothing can really be done about it. Few arrests aremade in this area of computer crime. I will now devote a brief section to theabove mentioned BBS , most are legal and do nothing wrong. However there aremany more that do accept pirated software, pornographic pictures, animations ,and texts. As well as a trading area for phone codes, other BBS, Credit Cardnumbers, etc. This is where a majority of Hackers and Phreaks come, as well asthose who continue to pirate software come to meet and share stories. In this isa new world, where you can do anything, there are groups that get, crack, andcourier software all over the world some of them are called: INC: InternationalNetwork Of Crackers, THG: The Humble Guys, TDT: The Dream Team. As well a numberof other groups have followed suit such as Phalcon/SKISM (Smart Kids Into SickMethods), NuKE, and YAM (Youngsters Against McAfee) these are virus groups whowrite and courier their work anywhere they can, they just send it somewhere,where anyone can take it and use it in any manner they wish, such as gettingeven with someone. All of these activities are illegal but nothing can be done,the people running these boards know what they are doing. As it stands rightnow, the BBS world is in two parts Pirating and the Underground, which consistsof Hackers/Phreaks/Anarchists/Carders(Credit Card Fraud)/Virus programmers. Allhave different boards and offer a variety of information on virtually anysubject. Well from all of this reading you just did you should have a fairlygood idea of what computer crime is. I didnt mention it in the sections but thepolice, phone companies are arresting and stopping alot of things every day. The sun also rises: Summary and Analysis of Epigraph and Chapters 1-4 Essay(McDonald, 1997) Clearly, anti-virus software is one of the smartest buys acomputer owner can make. There are nearly 10,000 known computer virusesthreatening the worlds personal computers, with effects ranging fromrelatively harmless to ferociously destructive. (Cope, 1998) Thesetroublemakers can spread to personal computers easily from an infected floppydisk, as well as from files downloaded onto the hard drive from an e- mailattachment and the Internet. (McDonald, 1997) Despite the great reviews of theseantivirus programs, many computer researchers maintain a sense of skepticismtowards complete protection. Regardless of how sophisticated antivirustechnology may become, computer viruses will forever remain in an uneasycoexistence with us and our computers. (Chess, 1997) Unless there areupdates to virus scanners every few minutes, no one is completely safe from adestructive virus. New viruses are popping up so fast that virus scanner vendorscannot hope to keep up with them. Even with the best of tools and policies,bulletproof security is probably unattainable. High costs, changingnetworks and software versions, incomplete security tools, and the growing poolof ingenious and dedicated hackers prohibit this. (Hackers,1997) The numbers of people who can create new viruses have also increased. (Yang, 1998) , a group of hackers quickly cracked amuch-vauntedcode using relatively simple brute force techniques.(Hackers, 1997) This breach of security was only five weeks afterthe data security invited the attack in the hope of proving its codes resistantto such attacks. Over several years, people have been perfecting the care ofpersonal computers. However, over that same amount of time, others have beenhard at work to develop new ways to cause a system to crash. Someproblems with a personal computer cannot be stopped, but preventative action cantake place for viruses. Every computer user should be equipped with an antivirusprogram; there is no way of predicting whether or not a simple file contains atremendous virus. The user must leave such a decision to the computer itself;only it can detect and destroy the virus. By purchasing a simple antiviruspackage, each computer user can hamper viruses from entering and destroying hispersonal computer. After taking all of the costs into consideration, it is muchmore expensive to rebuild a computer after destruction than it is to purchase aneffective antivirus software package. BibliographyChess, David, Jeffrey Kephart, Gregory Sorkin, and Steve White. Fighting Computer Viruses: Biological Metaphors Offer Insight into ManyAspects of Computer Viruses and Can Inspire Defenses Against Them.Scientific American Nov. 1997: 134-138. Computer. The World BookEncyclopedia. 1997. Cope, Jim. A Buyers Guide To Virus Protection: Getthe Lowdown on Six Win 95 Programs that Keep Digital Bugs from Invading your PCand Destroying your Files. NetGuide Mar. 1998: 143-146 Hackers,Terrorists, and Spies: You know theyre coming at you. Can you stop them?Software Magazine Oct. 1997: 76. McDonald, Glenn. Viruses: An Anatomy ofMass Hysteria. PCWorld Sept. 1997: 123-125 Miastkowski, Stan. VirusKillers 1998: This Year, Macro Viruses are Running Rampant. Which AntivirusProgram is Your Best Defense? PC World Mar. 1998: 114-116. Yang, W.D. Be Aware of Viruses and Use Protection. Computer Times 18 February1998: 85-89. Yegulalp, Serdar. Head to Head: Antivirus Software VirusProtection Superheroes. Windows Magazin

Writing a Sample Why Essay

Writing a Sample Why EssayAfter obtaining a Bachelors of Science in Medical Sciences, you may have found yourself in the position of wanting to write a sample why essay. Here are a few tips for writing a sample why essay that can help you write an effective one.First, be sure to use an easy way to move the topic along. The reason why is a very important aspect to any essay, and this sample why essay should be easy to understand. Many people struggle with the wording of this essay due to a lack of previous information on the topic. So be sure to find a way to talk about the subject, without being too specific. For example, use an example instead of using a specific number or disease.Second, use a sample why essay as a guide to writing your own, rather than just an example. This will show you how to write a more difficult and challenging sample why essay.Third, be sure to go back and review any topic that is less important than the topic that you have chosen to use as your guide. This can be done by going back and looking at the why part of your original essay. Do this so that you can see how you used to write the sections that are less important.Fourth, when writing the entire essay, be sure to include any kind of personal experiences, a whole life experience, or even a case study. The reason why is a very important aspect to any essay, and this sample why essay should be easy to understand.Fifth, make sure that all of your points can be backed up with sources. This is a very important tip to help ensure that you don't leave out anything, and you also want to make sure that you don't make any errors in grammar and writing.Finally, you may want to prepare a sample why and essay to look over, before you actually begin writing it. This can help you get used to writing for medical terminology and other terms that you may need to know. This can help you develop a strategy for learning how to write a medical essay.

Connecticut Yank Essays - Time Travel Films,

Connecticut Yank A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court is a complicated novel that fundamentally deals with the concept of the human experience. Hank Morgan is a nineteenth century mechanic who is transported back thirteen centuries to medieval Britain, during the time of King Arthur. After his initial shock, he becomes determined to civilize Camelot by introducing modern industrial technology. At an initial look Twain seems to be favoring the industrialized capitalist society that he lives in over the feudal society of medieval Britain. But in a closer examination of the work it becomes clear that this observation is much too simple, as the industrial world that Hank Morgan creates is destroyed. Therefore the book can be viewed as a working out of the idea that a quick change in a civilization brings disaster. Civilization and change need to be developed, or at least explained within the culture itself, in order for them to become lasting institutions. Hank's failing is that he believes that h e is superior to everyone, and that he can change the society of Camelot simply by introducing technology. Hank becomes the boss of Camelot, and begins his plans to free the serfs and establish a republic. However his plans are destined to fail because he is incapable of understanding values that are different from his own; he is the ultimate know-it all, and sets out to remake the world in his own image. He is given the choicest suite of apartments in the castle, after the king's(Twain 31), but he criticizes them because they lack the conveniences of the nineteenth century, such as a three-color God-Bless-Our-Home over the door(Twain 32). His lack of acceptance of the local culture is also seen through his Victorian modesty, he sleeps in his armor because it would have seemed so like undressing before folk(Twain 60), even though he had clothes on underneath, and he is repelled by the language used in mixed company. Although Hank says he only wants to help the poor people of Britain who in his words ? were merely modified savages(Twain 61), create a society like his own where ?all political power is inherent in the people?(Twain 65) instead he promotes himself to the level of despot. He continually criticizes the structure of feudal society because it was a place where, a right to say how the country should be governed was restricted to six persons in each thousand of its population(Twain 65), but he sees himself above reproof. Here I was, a giant among pigmies, a man among children, a master intelligence among moles?(Twain 40). Hank forgets his own humanity and begins to believe that his knowledge makes him more of a man, just as the nobility that he shunned believed they were better than the serfs because of the titles they held. Hank Morgan uses his superior knowledge of technology to gain personal power. It soon becomes clear that even though thirteen hundred years have given Hank a technological advantage, they haven't made him any smarter. Hank possesses all of this technological knowledge, but fails to understand the implications that this knowledge will have on the people of the Camelot. Instead of educating the general public and teaching them how and why something works instead he sends a select few to his man factories. He uses his knowledge instead to produce fantastic miracles, which although they give him personal power, continue to perpetuate the superstitions of the populace that he is trying to overcome. For example, Hank is asked to fix the well at the Valley of Holiness. He installs a pump that will return the water, but instead of explaining the principle behind the pump, Hank keeps the people in the dark and passes off the project as a great miracle. Afterward he says, ?the populace uncovered and fell reverently to make a wide way for me, as if I had been some kind of superior being-and I was.(Twain 131) It is evident from this that Hank is obsessed with his power. It seems ironic that the very ignorance that he deplores in the people is the same thing allows him to obtain power. It is this lack of willingness to share his knowledge that

USS Pensacola essays

USS Pensacola essays My grandfather, who is still alive today, joined the United States Navy in 1944, as a young man. He went through basic training at Great Lakes Training Base. After his graduation from basic training, he was sent to the South Pacific for duty. His first assignment was in the Admiralty Islands on a floating dry dock. After a short tour there, he was sent to the Philippine Islands where he was assigned duty with the Naval Supply Depot and the 24th Seabees. His job there was to oversee the establishment of a supply depot for supplying the 5th and 7th fleet. My grandfather oversaw the unloading of the many incoming cargo ships that were carrying war supplies and much more. The location of this supply depot was in a hot zone that took on fire many times each and every day. It was mostly sniper fire. According to my grandfather, the snipers were not very good. They scored very few actual hits. They were taken out by United States forces. The sailors would typically take cover u ntil the fire stopped, and then resume working. My grandfather spent slightly more than one year in the Philippine Islands. Once the war was declared to be over, and the smoke had cleared from the two atomic bombs that were dropped on Nagasaki and Hiroshima, he transferred back to the 7th fleet. He was assigned duty on the USS Pensacola (CA-24). The USS Pensacola was a heavy cruiser that was named after the city of Pensacola, Florida. This heavy cruiser was built at the Navy Yard, New York, at a cost of $11,100,000. It was launched from the Navy Yard on April 25, 1929. This amazing ship stood sixty five feet three inches tall and measured five hundred eighty five feet seven inches long, displacing nine thousand one hundred tons of water. There were ten eight inch fifty five caliber guns, eight five inch twenty five caliber guns, and several twenty and forty millimeter canons. The heavy cruiser was capable of air attacks, surface engagements, and ...

AirTex Aviation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

AirTex Aviation - Essay Example This company is rather a challenge for its new owners to put it on the right track of profitable business activities. The two owners initially managed to infuse $500,000 into the business as working capital employed to meet the company's short term debts, obligations and even the expenses that are to be paid in the current year The management of cash and accounts receivable are the most important assets of the company, but the company lacked proper recording, calculating and collecting the accounts receivable and turn them into cash efficiently Ted gave the collection of accounts receivable a new direction. It delegated the responsibility of dealing with the debtors, credit grant and collection of accounts receivable to the departmental managers themselves The company owed the bank $300,000 against the notes payable and the company would have gone for bankruptcy if the bank had called for the payment of liabilities, indicating poor liquidity position of the company. Ted met this challenge by strengthening relationship and building trust of the bank manager in the company's new management and their abilities. This made the company became eligible to get more loans and borrowings from the bank and meet any credit uncertainty. AirTex Aviation was on the brink of bankruptcy due to poor management caliber shown by its ex-owner that had lead the company to such a position Previously, all the management power and influence were rested on the single person who was an accountant for the company The company was very weak in terms of its Organisational structure and the dispersion of power and authority remained confined to a single accounting manager that hindered the free and direct flow of communication between the manager and the workers The company lacked educated and trained employees, furthermore, most of the workers in the company are reluctant to change, of any kind especially, education, training and application of new technology etc that could serve to be the greatest hindrance in its course of success Most of departmental managers were old-aged people who were supposedly less willing to adopt the new trends and technologies The two new owners of the company lacked the industry-related skills and knowledge of the business that may affect the growth of their business There had been a severe lack of communication and coordination among the managers and the workers, also the managers confront with the lack of decision-making powers and rights. After the acquisition, the revised structure of organization and decentralization of power resulted in enhanced decision making skills of the managers and an improvement of departmental education and learning The departmental level of accounting was required to be done by the

Challenges facing ESL - High School students in acquisition of writing Essay

Challenges facing ESL - High School students in acquisition of writing and communication skills - Essay Example Challenges facing ESL- High School students in acquisition of writing and communication skills Challenges faced by ESL students differ depending on the above listed classification. The immigrants are considered to be likely to experience least amount of challenges because they have already received formal education in their native countries that included learning English as a foreign language. They usually visit English speaking countries out of their own personal choices hence more prepared for the challenges ahead. In most cases, they have decent family background marked by intact family units and financial stability. Despite these factors, such students still face challenges such as difficulties in adapting to the new culture, conflict of cultures in terms of what is learnt at home and what is learnt at the new school, varying abilities in the understanding of the English language and conflict in terms of what s learnt and practiced at home and the nee foreign schools. International students are characterized by the fact that they are in foreign schools for purpose of pursuing their studies on a temporary basis. They are driven by the passion to learn English and get integrated into the new culture. In most cases, they have already studied English as foreign language at their lower levels of study in their countries of origin and are usually well educated in other spheres of life.

Human Resources Management In Organisational Context Business Essay

Human Resources Management In Organisational Context Business Essay Each organisation has a unique external environment that has a unique impact on the organisation (Capon, 2009, p7). Furthermore Jain et al (2010) state that organisational success is down to the adaptability of a company in the external environment. The STEEPLE model of external analysis will be used in conjunction with critically appraising the company named Hilton. The worldwide hotel chain shall be analysed using the model and the essay shall conclude with recommendations for Hilton to utilise. The aim of this essay is to critically evaluate the external analysis of the case study organisation. The structure is as follows: A brief background to the organisation; defining what is meant by STEEPLE and how it is utilised; look at each part of the model and relate how this may affect the business and finally to come to a conclusion as to what the main problem areas for the company are. What is meant by the STEEPLE model? A STEEPLE analysis can be used to analyse a firms current and future environment (Worthington, 1946, p7). A STEEPLE analysis is an examination of the external market (Campbell et al, 2005). A STEEPLE analysis breaks down the external analysis into six different categories: Socio/Cultural, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political; Legal and Ethics (Campbell et al, 2005; Harrison, 2010; Jain et al, 2008; Kew et al, 2008; and Worthington, 1946). All of the named categories will have a different effect on the external environment of a particular company. The first part of the STEEPLE analysis is Socio/Cultural, this will be critically evaluated in the next section. Socio/Cultural The Socio/Cultural aspect examines the demographic trends, income distribution, social mobility, lifestyle, attitudes to work and leisure and levels of education (Kew et al, 2010). Some of the Socio/Cultural components will affect Hilton. Demographics according to Farnham (1990, p43) is The statistical study of populations through census returns, records of birth, deaths and marriages and other means. Traynor (2008, p1) finds that Britain will overtake Germany and France to become the biggest country in the EU in 50 years time. The Local Government Association seconds this by finding that the rate of births has fallen dramatically however people are living for longer (Local Government Association, 2010). This may effect the Hilton company because due to people living longer, they will need to take into consideration that there will be an increase in people who are retired. This may mean that people will not have the same income as when they were working and they may have to reduce th e cost of their rooms. On a more positive note for the company, people will have more time to spend on leisure activities. If the company decides to invest money into upgrading the leisure facilities, people may decide to come and spend their time and money there. As found by Vierich et al (1991), consumers in the future are likely to be specific in their requirements and will be less tolerant of providers that impede their leisure process indicating that if a hotel chain does not have a good leisure facility they may choose to spend their money elsewhere. The Socio/Cultural is an aspect that Hilton shall need to be careful of, the management will need to decide what price the rooms are in order to remain competitive. The next section of the STEEPLE model is Technological. How this affects the organisation will be discussed in the following section. Technological The Technological factors in the STEEPLE model critically evaluates the use of techonology available and the effect it will have on the organisation (Johnson, 2008). Kew et al, (2010, p6) state that Technological factors looks at: Research and Development; new inventions; speed of technology and developments of systems Aksu (2002, p94) states that Websites have become important sources of advertisement. This is true as more people get the internet, the information available to them becomed unlimited, this can therefore be linked to development of systems part as the internet is ever changing for the better. Hilton will need to be careful that there website sells the hotel to the customer. Law et al (2005) found that increased Technology meant that customers has a better expereince, booking rooms will be faster, check-in will be quicker and problems will be solved quicker all adding to the customers experience. Although the Technological side does not affect the company in many ways i t still has an impact on what Hilton do. The third part of the STEEPLE model critically appraises the Economic factors affecting the organisation. Economic The Economical factors evaluates the economy and how it may affect the organisation. It uses the economic factors such as supply and demand, inflation and the overall economical impact to the company (Sloman, 2010). It is a known fact that the recession has caused many companies lots of pressure to perform more efficiently (Townsend, 1983). The recession will have a major impact on the company. The company will have to cut costs in order to survive. Staff themselves cost money (Torrington et al, 2008). Supply and demand has the theory that as demand increases, supply increases, but as demand falls, supply falls (Henderson, 2008). The laws of supply and demand will ultimatley affect the organisation in the fact that if people have a demand for wanting hotel rooms or a certain product that Hilton sells, the supply must increase. If people no longer want the product or service the supply must change in order for the company to make money. Another factor affectingh the organisation is th e fact that the exchange rates vary daily. This will affect the companies asset prices. For example, if a company has debts in a foreign country, it may work in their favour to wait until the exchange rate is low, therefore costing less.****Need some quotes on where I got this from?**** The Economical side of the external analysis model is arguabbly very important. There are other factors however used in the STEEPLE model, the next part is Environemtnal and this will be discussed in the next section. Environmental Over the last decade or so the environment has been an important part of every day life. Scientists have found that our world is slowly getting warmer and this is known as global warming (Global Warming, 2010). Delworth et al, (2000) find that globa warming is due human-induced increase of greenhouse gasses. Every human being and also organisation therefore has a part to play in saving the environment. The councils around Scotland have recently introduced bins that are to be used for recycling, this is therefore there part to play in saving the environment. Although one organisation changing their ways will not have that big an impact on the environment, every little helps. Hilton must be careful that they look after the environment. It is clear therefore that environmental factors are an important extrernal factor that impacts upon a company. There are laws being passed everyday by different countries to stop the ever growing amount of pollution going into the atmosphere. The enviro nmental issue is a growing concern for companies and therefore is an important factor for companies around the world to remember when scanning the external environment. Now that the Environmental issues affecting the companies have been raised, the model being utilised throughout this essay states that the next part of the political environment and how that affects organisations such as Hilton. Political Political parties all have different agendas. How these agendas will affect organisations will differ between the parties in power. At the present, there is a coalition government in place and they have changed things within the country already. Depending on who is in parliament at the time will affect different companies. If for instance a green party is in place, they will be tough on climate change. If the labour government comes back into power, things may change that will help employees and their families. However the coalition government at the present time will have different opinions on how the country should be ran. A part of the conservative party manifesto was to increase support for enterprise and have a fairer and more balanced economy (Conservatives, 2010); where as the liberal democrat side of the government believe in tax efficient investment vehichles to provide seed captial for start up businesses (Libdems, 2010). It is clear therefore that different governments in place may affect organisations greatly, therefore becoming a very important part of the case studies external environment. The next part of the model critically analyses the Legal aspect of the environment and suggests how this may affect organisations throughout different countries. Legal The Legal part of the external analysis for any company is an important one that must be kept up to date, some laws change daily and this is done by the House of Lords in London. The Legal environment is a very important aspect that must not be overlooked, the company must do things legally and have stick to protocol when carrying out a procedure such as disciplinary actions or maybe be faced with a fine issued by employment tribunals. The European Union (EU) also has a part to play with the legal aspects of the external environment. The EU issue directives, which must be in place in all member states or a fine and/or penalty, will be issued. An example of an EU directive that may affect Hilton was issued in 2009 to make it easier for companies to sell their services across all of the member states (BIS, 2010). This is just an example directive, there may be many more for the organisation to consider. One must remember that in multi-national organisations such as Hilton, the laws in each land will be different and it is important that the Human Resources strategy takes this into account. From directives and laws in place such as the ones mentioned, it is clear that the legal environment is a minefield for organisations and one that if not careful can be costly to organisations. Rushton (2010) find that employment tribunals have risen by 56% in the last year. It is clear therefore that the Legal aspect of the STEEPLE model is an important factor for the external environment. Organisations must be careful and mindful of the ever-changing laws. The final part of the STEEPLE model is ethics and how that affects the external analysis. Ethics The ethical factor of the external analysis critically evaluates how socially responsible a company is. A new buzz word for socially responsible is CSR also known as Corporate Social Responsibility. How socially responsible a company is now a deciding point for most customers. For example, people may not choose to shop in the shop Primark after it was found that they get their clothes made in poor countries where people work for low wages and in poor conditions. Thankfully, Primark have invested in the Ethical Trading Initative meaning that they are taking a pro-active role in how ethical the company is (Primark, 2010). How a company treats their staff therefore is a factor organisations across the globe must be careful off. Conclusion Having utilised the STEEPLE model to analyse the external market of Hilton, it can be concluded that there are certain main factors that affect the organisation and therefore recommendations can be drawn: If as the Local Government Association (2010) finds, the population is living older, Hilton may need to watch their prices for rooms to keep at a competitive rate. A quick search on the company website gives an average price of  £104 per room, for one night (Hilton, 2010) This is expensive considering it does not include breakfast especially compared to other hotels such as the travel lodge. The organisation will need to keep in touch with increasing technological advancements as Law et al, (2005) found that customers will be impressed by these advancements as it means that processes can be done quicker and more smoothly. The economical factors of the external analysis are difficult to manipulate and change. The government have all control over the economy and Hilton must know what is happening regarding prices and interest rates. The organisation must be wary that the environment is now a large factor in deciding strategic movements that organisations such as Hilton make. Hilton must be careful not to make too much pollution and recycle as much as possible. The government policies will change every time a new party comes into power. It is important that multinational organisations such as Hilton understand that there are different governments in different countries and they must keep this in mind when making decisions. The Legal aspect of the external analysis model has indicated that there are many new laws brought in and some of them may have a direct or indirect affect on the organisation. Finally the ethical aspect is one that affects all companies in todays society. How socially responsible a company is will affect the amount of people that buy there. Therefore in general using an external analysis framework makes organisations such as Hilton more aware of the potential dangers in the market in which they operate and therefore is an invaluable tool to use (Farnham, 2010).